Category: Teaching

My FDA Advisory Committee NurOwn Statement

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Dear Drs. Califf and Marks,

I am a young woman living with ALS, and I am writing in strong support of the approval of the ALS treatment debamestrocel, which has proven to be both safe and effective in clinical trials.

ALS is a brutal enemy. This equal opportunity killer destroys the nerves that allow us to move, speak, eat, swallow, and eventually breathe. It is 100% fatal and has no cure. It can strike anyone at any time.

When I was diagnosed with ALS at age 28 in 2015, I lost everything. My body, without warning or reason, turned on me, and that meant the end of so much. My career as a 5th grade English teacher and dreams of motherhood and growing old with my husband were all swept away like sand when I believed they were stone.

Let me paint you a picture of my life with ALS. My day starts with 40 minutes of breathing treatments to prevent infection in my lungs that leave me feeling like I’m suffocating. We stop when my oxygen drops to 92.

I’m on a ventilator which is supposed to provide me with full, even breaths, but if the settings are even slightly off, it either doesn’t provide me with enough air or pushes too much too fast, forcing me to hyperventilate and pass out.

I survive on a feeding tube and haven’t enjoyed real food in 7 years. We start my “food,” a beige nutrition solution that comes in cartons, after my breathing treatment. It’s delivered to me through a pump over the course of 20 hours, often leaving me nauseous.

Because I am on a ventilator, I can’t produce sound, not even a whimper when I’m in pain. I communicate with a device called a Tobii that uses eye gaze technology. I am actually typing this letter with my eyes.

Why not write to you with my hands like a healthy person? I forgot to mention that because of ALS, I’m a quadriplegic, meaning I can only move my face. I miss being able to touch. I haven’t hugged my husband Evan in 6 years. I can’t even hold his hand. I’m totally paralyzed and totally dependent on others to meet my every need.

Imagine you can’t scratch yourself when you’re itchy, can’t adjust the thermostat or even cover yourself when you’re cold, can’t clean yourself after using the toilet. That’s my life. ALS has stripped me of my independence. I’m utterly helpless without others, and I am nothing without my machines.

The ALSFRS-R is a tool to attempt to quantify how ALS is affecting a person. A 1 score increase could be the difference between choking and eating normally or requiring a walker and walking with a minor foot drop.

The ALSFRS-R is imperfect at best. One person can have a score of 37 and be walking and breathing normally but have their hands, swallow, and voice impaired, while another person with a score of 37 could have significant shortness of breath and require a power wheelchair but have full function of their voice, swallow, and hands. It is not an accurate representation of every individual’s unique case or the changes that are occurring.

My 2015 score was 34, and my 2021 score was 1. Does a score of 1 accurately reflect me? I still communicate, live, love, smile. I have rich friendships and a healthy, passionate marriage. I’m a talented writer who raises awareness of the reality of ALS by blogging (howilivewithals.com). A score of 1 is completely unfair attempt to display ME.

Debamestrocel has achieved remarkable feats in clinical trials, including maintaining and even increasing ALSFRS-R points. Every point matters in preserving an individual’s independence and dignity. Debamestrocel also improved CSF biomarkers in ALS. No other drug has accomplished this. The benefit to those in the early phases of ALS is clear in P3 trials.

Debamestrocel is a beacon of hope to members of the ALS community, and with rapid disease progression ending in death within an average of 2 – 5 years, we don’t have the luxury of time to wait for treatments.

Give those in the early stages of ALS a chance to have more years on earth and make precious memories with their loved ones. Approve debamestrocel.

Sincerely,
Rachel Doboga

You’re Invited!

Consider this your invitation to write your own statement urging the FDA to approve NurOwn / debamestrocel! The deadline is September 20th, so get moving! The organization I AM ALS has created a wonderful guide to writing a powerful statement. Check it out! And remember, you MUST include the following:

Docket No. FDA-2023-N-2608 for Cellular, Tissue, and Gene Therapies Advisory Committee; Notice of Meeting; Establishment of a Public Docket; Request for Comments

Eight Years In…

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Photo by Hakan Erenler on Pexels.com

Eight years ago on June 8th, I was diagnosed with ALS. At diagnosis, I was given 2 – 5 years to live. We all are. I was just 28 years old.

After my diagnosis, I immediately said goodbye because that’s what I was told to do. I was told there is no cure for the monster that had taken over my body, my life. I posted something on Facebook to the effect of, “I’ve just been diagnosed with ALS. Thank you all for being a part of my life.” I didn’t know there were other options, that even without a cure I could fight.

My fantastic ALS clinic connected me with the local chapter of the ALS Association and suddenly I had a power wheelchair, a Tobii eye gaze computer, and a cough assist machine, and I was trained to use it all. I had many long conversations with my neurologist, pulmonologist, social workers, husband, and family, and decided to go on a ventilator when the time came. I’m now a bedbound quadriplegic on life support and survive on a feeding tube. I’m very lucky because I live at home despite my high needs. My husband Evan works tirelessly, seeing to my every need. He is the reason I fight. I would do anything to stay by his side.

When I was diagnosed, we were about to start a family. I can’t have kids so we were researching adoption agencies. We decided to adopt siblings because they are hard to place. I even made a Pinterest board with resources for adoption and raising creative, resilient, grateful, vegetarian children. I also had a list of 27 parenting books we were planning to read together. We were going to be READY, but you know what they say about the best laid plans…

Eight years in, I’m starting to forget what it was like to speak and move. I guess it’s for the best since I will never talk or walk again. I remember certain things, though, like playing Who’s the Judge with my family at the kitchen table after dinner. We would sit in a circle and when it was your turn, you said a silly phrase in an even sillier accent. Everyone else had their eyes closed and would try to guess who the speaker was. Looking back, it was a ridiculous game. It was only my parents, sister, and me so it was easy to tell who had spoken by location alone. Plus, we always took turns in the same order. We all had fun, though.

I remember the first time I spoke Russian in Russia and someone understood me. It was like the best magic trick ever. My first words were to the taxi driver bringing me from the airport to my new home for the summer.

“I’m afraid,” I told him.

“Why?” he asked.

I explained I was worried the door to the apartment wouldn’t open. He promised to stay until I got inside. The magic trick worked.

I remember dancing with Evan with my Walker between us in the living room, his strong hands firm on my hips keeping me safe as we swayed softly, softly to Frank Sinatra. No more swing dancing for us. In our first Ice Bucket Challenge, Evan said, “I’m doing this so I can dance with my wife again!”

I remember dancing with dad on his feet in a living room across the country 30 years ago, usually to something loud like Eric Clapton. “Layla” was my favorite because every time it came to the part where Eric Clapton sings, “You got me on my knees Layla!” dad would set me down and fall on his knees in front of me.

These losses don’t hurt anymore unless I focus on precise moments I’m able to fish out of the murky depths of my memory. I have learned better than to do that. They only ache now.

I miss my old self, the creative, playful teacher, the fossil hunter, the singer, the traveler. I’m reminded of the lyrics to “Summertime Sadness” by Lana del Rey: “Think I’ll miss you forever like the stars miss the sun in the morning sky… Even if you’re gone I’m gonna drive!”

Three Dreams and A Dragon

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When I was thirteen, I bought a small, blue, canvas-bound book whose title, scrawled in loopy silver script, read, “The Interpretation of Dreams.” I purchased it because every morning, I awoke with vivid memories of three, sometimes four, dreams. About half of them were nightmares, but they didn’t trouble me as much as what I called the Sagas. In those dreams, I lived entire lives, and when I woke up and realized that none of it was real, the resulting devastation was almost as intense as if I just lost actual friends, a husband, children. I hoped that I would find answers about what the Sagas meant and achieve peace by way of the knowledge.

I never found my answers; when I started taking anti-depressants at age fourteen, the Sagas disappeared, so I abandoned my research. However, the nightmares began to run rampant.

Lately, my nightmares have been especially painful. I have three that take turns playing in my nocturnal theater. First, I dream that fierce predators escape from the zoo, lurking the city’s streets, lying in wait for unsuspecting humans to cross their path. Unfortunately, I’m the only one who knows this, so it falls to me to protect my husband and sister even though I don’t have a single weapon.

Next up, I awake on a dark beach. I lay on the rough sand, utterly confused by my surroundings. Then a pair of hands reach down to help me up. I realize too late that they belong to my rapist. Raising a hand to caress my cheek, he says, “We’re the last people on earth. It’s just us. Now we can be together forever.” It’s then that I notice I’m wearing my wedding dress.

The worst dream starts before I even fall asleep. As I drift, memories of the words of my last Lower School Director and the Head of School echo in my head…

“Your students are bored.”

“Their parents lack confidence in you.”

“Maybe your personality is the issue. Go observe the Spanish teacher. Try to be like her.”

“You lack presence in the classroom.”

“Have you considered being a librarian? Then you won’t work with children every day, and you can be around those books you love so much.”

“You’re too academic.”

“Try not to look so frail. Stop hunching over your cane.”

“Are you really teaching if the kids aren’t learning? ”

“Fifth grade is an important year, and we need a teacher so fantastic that families don’t even think of transferring to another school for sixth grade. There are five families thinking of leaving – you’re not a strong enough teacher.”

“I’ve been disappointed in you from day one.”

Then, when sleep finally comes, I am teaching in a classroom with glass walls. I don’t have a lesson plan, and when I see the Lower School Director and the Head of School watching me, I panic, making one stupid mistake after another, knowing each is a nail in my coffin. The dream fades when memory wipes away the fear and reminds me that it’s over now. I survived being kicked to the curb, and – awful as it was to end my career on a low note – they can’t hurt me anymore.

I don’t need the book to pick up the themes these dreams share; in each one, I am caught off guard and helpless. That is the essence of ALS. No one is prepared for the diagnosis (most cases can’t be tied to a family history, and lifestyle seems completely irrelevant). To make matters worse, the diagnosis comes with a decree of helplessness since there isn’t a thing you can do to fight back. I’m guessing that I am reliving the trauma of the diagnosis, but I don’t think it has to continue.

I recently realized that I am not helpless, not by a long shot. How many pieces have I written detailing my commitment to my range of motion exercises, my eagerness to participate in drug trials 135164, my openness to new medications and protocols 136165 to manage my symptoms? I use the cough assist 137166 to keep my lungs strong, my feeding tube to maintain proper nutrition and hydration, and my tobii to prepare for when I lose my ability to speak. I am not sitting on the sidelines watching this monster consume me. I am fighting the dragon with a small dagger, slashing and slicing bit by bit until I bleed it dry. From now on, I will hold this gruesome, glorious image in my mind as I fall asleep. Maybe then I’ll dream of slaying the beast.

The Kingdom of Childhood

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For some reason, this lovely spring weather makes me remember all the things I love about teaching: morning meeting and yoga, book club and literature circles, zumba and dance breaks every half hour to keep our energy flowing, writing workshops, and of course, just being with the kids. Listening when recess ended in tears, geeking out over Harry Potter, eating lunch together…

Maybe it’s rushing back to me because this is science fair season. I have so many memories of wearing my very best “thrilled and impressed” face for hours during the fair. Then there were the months beforehand when I was a test subject for at least five experiments in which I learned I am not colorblind and I do like chocolate chip cookies.

I miss it all. How lucky I was to spend my days this way before ALS stole it all away.